The aim of this study was to cross-culturally translate a questionnaire about gynecological and pelvic pain symptoms (ENDOPAIN-4D) patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity.
Endometriosis is an inflammatory chronic condition associated with nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic pain. Central sensitization (CS) is the primary nociplastic pain mechanism. However, there are currently no standardized methods for …
The FODMAP diet has been a treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) for many years. Rigorous scientific evaluation and clinical application of the FODMAP diet have generated deep understanding regarding …