Endometriosis affects ~15% of women of reproductive age worldwide, impacting ~190 million individuals. Despite its high prevalence, the precise pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unclear. Emerging evidence has highlighted oxidative stress …
Vitamin D (VD) is a fat-soluble steroid hormone with essential physiological functions beyond calcium and bone metabolism. In recent years, its role in women's reproductive health has gained attention, influencing …
The interaction between vitamin D and the immune system is perhaps the most well recognised extraskeletal facet of vitamin D, encompassing early studies of therapy for TB and leprosy through …
Ovarian endometrioma (OEM), a particularly severe form of endometriosis, is an oestrogen-dependent condition often associated with pain and infertility. The mechanisms by which OEM impairs fertility, particularly through its direct …
Inflammation disrupts the normal function of granulosa cells (GCs), which leads to ovarian dysfunction and fertility decline. Inflammatory conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), endometriosis, …
Endometriosis is a highly prevalent gynecological disease characterized by the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterus, whose etiopathology is far from being elucidated. The most frequent complains of patients …
Endometriosis, though not classified as a carcinogenic condition, shares features such as oxidative stress, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and inflammation with tumor cells. This study aims to review the effects of …
Retinoids, particularly all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including development, immune response, and reproduction, by regulating gene transcription through nuclear receptors. This review explores the biosynthetic …
The intestinal microbiota is vast in type and quantity and it plays a critical role in regulating various physiological functions in the host, including intestinal function, immune response and energy …
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent gynecological endocrine condition and a systemic inflammatory disease associated to improper lipid metabolism and increased cardiovascular risk. The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) is a novel indicator representing …