The female reproductive system is a hormonally driven, immune-active, and structurally dynamic system in which estrogen signaling, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling interact to support essential reproductive processes. Cyclical …
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a prevalent, disabling syndrome encompassing overlapping disorders such as endometriosis/adenomyosis, bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis, irritable bowel syndrome, vulvodynia, and myofascial pain syndrome. Despite distinct clinical …
Implantation failure remains a major challenge in assisted reproductive technology (ART) and is a significant contributor to infertility in women with endometriosis. Beyond mechanical distortion and ovarian dysfunction, increasing evidence …
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and up to 40% of women with infertility, with a significant impact on quality of life …
Melatonin has evolved from its classical role as a pineal-derived circadian regulator to a molecule increasingly recognized for its mitochondrial and cytoprotective functions. This review examines the molecular mechanisms and …
Ovarian endometrioma (OEM) is a common manifestation of endometriosis and is associated with both local lesions and systemic alterations. While immune dysregulation and metabolic disturbances have been individually reported in …
Endometriosis (EMs) is a common gynecological disorder affecting reproductive‑aged women, characterized by ectopic endometrial growth and chronic pelvic pain that severely impairs quality of life. Although its pathogenesis remains incompletely …
Endometriosis is a chronic, heterogenous disorder in which cyclical hemorrhage and repetitive repair generate ectopic implants that persist, recur, and drive pain and infertility; conventional frameworks emphasizing hormonal aberration and …
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory and estrogen-dependent disease in which oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and lesion-supportive microenvironmental signaling contribute to lesion development. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione-replenishing and redox-modulating agent, has …
Circadian rhythm (CR) is a 24-hour biological cycle regulated by endogenous and environmental factors. Altered CR gene expression has been associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), potentially affecting vascular regulation …