Primary dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic pathology, whereas secondary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain attributable to an underlying pelvic disease (e.g., endometriosis). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are …
Dysmenorrhea is among the most common gynecological complaints in adolescents. Its diagnosis depends on the exclusion of other underlying pathologies, with the patient's history playing a crucial role. Initial therapy …
Background and Clinical Significance: Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome is a rare Müllerian duct anomaly that is frequently misdiagnosed as primary dysmenorrhea, resulting in delayed intervention and …
Gynecologic disorders, including infections, sterile inflammatory diseases, endocrine abnormalities, and malignancies, share a common signature of dysregulated immunity within a uniquely hormone-responsive reproductive tract. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are increasingly …
Experts establish diagnostic criteria for primary dysmenorrhea Contemporary OB/GYN
To achieve consensus on a standardized definition and diagnostic criteria of primary dysmenorrhea.
This guideline reviews the investigation and treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.
Ovariostasis is a reversible and temporary suspension of the cyclic ovarian activity, characterized by anovulation and hypogonadotropinemia (low serum concentrations of FSH and LH), which can be observed in case …
Guizhi Fuling prescription (GFP), a prestigious prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) recorded in "Jingui Yaolue," was composed of five Chinese medicines, including Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Persicae Semen, …
Guizhi Fuling capsule (GZFLc) is a modern preparation from traditional Chinese Medicine. Guizhi Fuling was first prescribed by Zhang Zhongjing almost two thousand years ago for the treatment of primary …