Endometriosis is increasingly recognized as a disorder of impaired reproductive immune tolerance rather than solely an endocrine disease. Although previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the number of regulatory …
The Colony-Stimulating Factor 3 Receptor (CSF3R), the receptor for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), has expanded from a hematopoietic regulator to a multifunctional signalling molecule with significant relevance in gynaecological biology. …
The origin of ectopic gynecologic lesions has been debated since 1927, when Sampson first proposed retrograde menstruation as the underlying cause of endometriosis. Reproduction in mammals is an unusually permissive …
Soluble immune mediators are key regulators of immune responses that help maintain self-tolerance and prevent autoimmunity. Recently, many forms of these mediators have been found, including soluble immune checkpoints, soluble …
The human microbiome, particularly the gut and reproductive tract microbiota, plays a critical role in regulating fertility through complex molecular and immunological mechanisms. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on the …
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established etiological agent for cervical cancer, yet its contribution to endometrial malignancies remains underrecognized and mechanistically distinct. This paper synthesizes current evidence to explain the …
The immunology of fertilization, implantation and pregnancy is based on a complex balance between maternal immune tolerance and a controlled inflammatory response. Adaptation of the maternal immune system is essential …
Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are central to peripheral immune tolerance and act as key players that sustain the immune homeostasis required for embryo receptivity, implantation, and placentation. Treg dysfunction accelerates inflammation, …
Endometriosis (ENDO) is a painful, chronic gynecological disease widely affecting women globally. While traditionally classified as a hormonal disorder, ENDO is now increasingly recognized as a multifaceted immune-mediated syndrome driven …
Monocytes, as essential components of the immune system, play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses throughout the menstrual cycle. Their cytokine secretion is integral to immune modulation, influencing processes …