Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a prevalent, disabling syndrome encompassing overlapping disorders such as endometriosis/adenomyosis, bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis, irritable bowel syndrome, vulvodynia, and myofascial pain syndrome. Despite distinct clinical …
Melatonin has evolved from its classical role as a pineal-derived circadian regulator to a molecule increasingly recognized for its mitochondrial and cytoprotective functions. This review examines the molecular mechanisms and …
The survival of ectopic endometrial lesions in endometriosis critically depends on their ability to evade immune recognition and clearance by the host, a process known as immune evasion. Recent studies …
Endometriosis (EMs) is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory gynecological disease characterized by ectopic growth of endometrial tissues, leading to dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and infertility. Although the retrograde menstruation theory clarifies the …
The human microbiome, a dynamic endocrine organ, exerts profound systemic influence through the production of bioactive metabolites. While the microbiome-gut-brain axis is well-established, the direct conduit between the gut microbiota …
The "gut microbiota-mitochondria axis" has become the core hub connecting the metabolism, immunity, and endocrine regulation of gynecological diseases. In this review, the hierarchical regulation mechanism of this axis is …
Lactate is increasingly recognized not only as a metabolic end product of glycolysis but also as a signaling metabolite that links metabolic reprogramming to epigenetic and transcriptional regulation through protein …
Reliable non-invasive biomarkers for endometriosis remain unavailable in routine practice, and their translational value depends on performance in symptomatic referral populations rather than only against healthy controls. We evaluated Nuclear …
The female reproductive tract (FRT), particularly the vagina, has traditionally been regarded as a sterile environment. However, it is now recognized that the vagina is a complex, dynamic ecosystem dominated …
Studies have shown that dysregulation of the gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in the development of endometriosis (EMs). Study aimed to investigate the potential of protective GM metabolites …