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ATP-P2X3 Signaling as a Shared Neural Sensitization Pathway in Endometriosis and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.

Endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are chronic pain disorders that frequently coexist and share key pathophysiological features, including neuroinflammation, visceral hypersensitivity, peripheral sensitization, and central sensitization. Emerging evidence suggests …

Published: Aug. 25, 2026, midnight
NLRP3/Caspase-1-Mediated Pyroptosis Drives a Brain-Lesion Neuroimmune Axis in Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Molecular Mechanisms and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Intervention.

Background/Objectives: The NLRP3 inflammasome-Caspase-1-IL-1β pyroptotic axis participates in peripheral inflammatory responses, yet its function in peripheral-central neuroimmune crosstalk underlying endometriosis (EM)-associated pain remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify whether …

Published: July 30, 2026, midnight
Endometriosis-associated Pain: Mechanism, Neuroimmune Signature, and Translational Precision Strategies.

Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of reproductive-aged women worldwide and is a leading cause of chronic pelvic pain. Despite its high prevalence and substantial socioeconomic burden, the mechanisms underlying endometriosis-associated pain …

Published: June 10, 2026, midnight
Charting the nerve-immune axis in endometriosis.

Endometriosis is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder involving complex interactions between nerves and immune cells, driving chronic pain and inflammation beyond the initial theories. Recent breakthroughs highlight aberrant sensory …

Published: March 26, 2026, midnight
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