For decades, we have known that women, especially younger women, are disproportionately affected by pain disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome, endometriosis, menstrual migraines, fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis, and neuropathic pain, all of …
Metabolism-regulating microspheres have evolved from conventional drug carriers into active platforms capable of spatiotemporally reprogramming pathological metabolic networks. Chronic diseases are increasingly understood to be driven by metabolic dysregulation, highlighting …
There is well-established epidemiologic evidence demonstrating variance in the pain disorders affecting women compared with men, although limited conclusive evidence exists regarding the pathophysiologic mechanisms to account for this difference. …
P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors are promising therapeutic targets for pain treatment and selective inhibitors are under evaluation in ongoing clinical trials. Here we aim to consolidate and quantitatively evaluate the …