Growing evidence highlights the role of microbiota, including those of the gut, reproductive tract, and endometrial tissue, as critical functional drivers in the pathogenesis of endometriosis (EM). Studies have revealed …
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a calcium-dependent protein with high affinity for phospholipids, and its multifunctional nature has drawn increasing attention in the onset and progression of various disorders of the …
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory, hormone dependent disorder that affects more than 200 million women worldwide. Immune dysfunction has emerged as one of the predominant mechanisms facilitating endometriosis lesion growth …
The uterine cavity was formerly considered sterile; however, over recent years, researchers have identified the presence of endometrial microbiota. An imbalance in the endometrial microbiota, or dysbiosis, has been shown …
Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are central to peripheral immune tolerance and act as key players that sustain the immune homeostasis required for embryo receptivity, implantation, and placentation. Treg dysfunction accelerates inflammation, …
The female reproductive system (FRS) exhibits unique immunological characteristics, balancing defense against pathogens with tolerance to sperm and semi-allogeneic embryos. Key players include decidual natural killer (dNK) cells, immune checkpoint …
Endometriosis (EMs) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by dysregulated innate immunity, particularly impaired cytotoxic function of natural killer (NK) cells. As pivotal effectors of the innate immune response, NK …
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a critical regulator of female reproductive physiology, yet existing reviews have focused predominantly on oocytes. The objective of this review is to systematically evaluate the regulatory effects …